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Chapter 1 Fundamentals of Environmental Science
1. Definitions
1.1 Environment
1.2 Environmental Science
1.3 Goals of Environmental Science
2. Popular Viewpoints
3. Sustainability
3.1 Types and Sources of pollution
3.2 Pollution Prevention
4. Classical spheres and the related environmental spheres outlined
4.1 Hydrosphere
4.2 Atmosphere and air
4.3 Geosphere (Earth)
4.4 Biosphere (Life)
4.5 Cycles
4.6 Technology
5. Environmental Chemistry
6. Chemical Analysis, Analytical Chemistry and Environmental Chemistry
7. Ecology
8. Energy and Cycles of Energy
Chapter 2 Fundamentals of Environmental Chemistry
1. Water
1.1 Definitions
1.2 Characteristics of Water
1.3. Natural Water Cycles
2. Carbon Cycle
2.1 Biomass Development
2.2 Biomass conversion
3. Nitrogen Cycle
3.1 Sources of nitrogen
3.2 Why is Nitrogen important to life?
3.3 Nitorgen Fixation
3.4 Nitrogen Pathways Common in Life
3.5 Completeing the Nitrogen Cycle
3.6 Other N2 process related to pollution
3.7 NOx Prevention
Chapter 3 Water Chemistry Basics
1. Aqueous Chemistry
2. Oxygen
3. Carbon Dioxide
4. Carbon Dioxide & Carbonate, pH & Alkalinity
4.1. Acids and Bases
4.2. Natural Waters & CO2, Equilibrium
4.3. Strong and weak acid - base ionizations, buffer behavior, solubility and precipitation
4.4. Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation
4.5 Buffers and Buffer Capacity
5. Chemical Equilibrium
5.1. Review of important and common types of equilibrium constants
5.2. Solubility and Precipitation in Water
Chapter 4 Water Chemistry
1. Solubility
1.1. Precipitation Mechanisms
1.2. Stability of colloid
1.3. Activity
1.4. Calcium, Water "Hardness"
1.5. Species in water
2. Complexation and Chelation
2.1. Complexation, Ligands, and Complexometric Reactions
2.2. Chelating Agents
2.3. Competing reactions and the complexities of real environmental situations
2.4. A man made chelator in natural water (NTA)
2.5. Complexation by Humic Acids and Other Organic Matter
3. Oxidation and Reduction
3.1. Oxidation State Assignment - Review and Reminder
3.2. Solubility and Transformation Redox Reactions
3.3. Corrosion - an anthropogenic environmental interaction
3.4. pE - a gauge of a systems Oxidizing or Reducing potential
3.5. Redox Reactions-Formal and Traditional Definitions and Explanation
Chapter 5 Atmospheric Chemistry
1. What is air?
2. The Sun –The Atmospheric Energy Driver
2.1. How did it get here?
2.2. Solar Radiation
2.3. The Flow of Air on Earth
2.4. Energy Movement Based on Weather
3. Ozone
3.1. Tropospheric Ozone
3.2. Stratospheric Ozone
3.3. Fluorocarbons, Stratospheric Ozone Effects
4. Greenhouse Effect (Positive and Negative)
5. Photochemical Reactions
Chapter 6 Soil Chemistry
1. Why soil environmental chemistry is important?
2. Scope of Soil Chemistry
3. Composition of Soil
4. Important Soil Properties
4.1. Soil Particle Size
4.2. Soil Density & Porosity
4.3. Total Elements
4.4. Bio-available Elements
4.5. Macronutrients vs. Micronutrients
4.6. Soil pH
4.7. Soil Organic Matter (OM)
4.8. Soil Clay
4.9. Soil CEC (Cation Exchange Capacity)
5. Important Soil Environmental Processes
5.1 Soil Chemistry of Metals: Mercury (Hg)
5.2 Soil Chemistry of Metals: Cd, Pb, Cr
5.3 Soil Chemistry of Pesticides
6. Soil Pollution
7. Remediation of Soil Pollution
7.1. Bioremediation
7.2. Physical and Chemical Methods
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